Compare Turks and Caicos Islands (2003) - Maldives (2005)

Compare Turks and Caicos Islands (2003) z Maldives (2005)

	Turks and Caicos Islands (2003)	Maldives (2005)

Administrative divisions	none (overseas territory of the UK)	19 atolls (atholhu, singular and plural) and 1 other first-order administrative division; Alifu, Baa, Dhaalu, Faafu, Gaafu Alifu, Gaafu Dhaalu, Gnaviyani, Haa Alifu, Haa Dhaalu, Kaafu, Laamu, Lhaviyani, Maale, Meemu, Noonu, Raa, Seenu, Shaviyani, Thaa, Vaavu
Age structure	0-14 years: 32.5% (male 3,202; female 3,094) 15-64 years: 63.7% (male 6,484; female 5,848) 65 years and over: 3.7% (male 321; female 401) (2003 est.)	0-14 years: 43.9% (male 78,794/female 74,505) 15-64 years: 53% (male 94,488/female 90,624) 65 years and over: 3.1% (male 5,339/female 5,356) (2005 est.)
Agriculture - products	corn, beans, cassava (tapioca), citrus fruits; fish	coconuts, corn, sweet potatoes; fish
Airports	8 (2002)	5 (2004 est.)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 5 1,524 to 2,437 m: 3 914 to 1,523 m: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2002)	total: 2 over 3,047 m: 1 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 3 914 to 1,523 m: 1 under 914 m: 2 (2002)	total: 3 914 to 1,523 m: 3 (2004 est.)
Area	total: 430 sq km land: 430 sq km water: 0 sq km	total: 300 sq km land: 300 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	2.5 times the size of Washington, DC	about 1.7 times the size of Washington, DC
Background	The islands were part of the UK's Jamaican colony until 1962, when they assumed the status of a separate crown colony upon Jamaica's independence. The governor of The Bahamas oversaw affairs from 1965 to 1973. With Bahamian independence, the islands received a separate governor in 1973. Although independence was agreed upon for 1982, the policy was reversed and the islands are presently a British overseas territory.	The Maldives was long a sultanate, first under Dutch and then under British protection. It became a republic in 1968, three years after independence. Since 1978, President Maumoon Abdul GAYOOM - currently in his sixth term in office - has dominated the islands' political scene. Following riots in the capital Male in August 2004, the president and his government have pledged to embark upon democratic reforms, including a more representative political system and expanded political freedoms. Tourism and fishing are being developed on the archipelago.
Birth rate	23.51 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)	35.43 births/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Budget	revenues: $47 million expenditures: $33.6 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1997-98 est.)	revenues: $224 million (excluding foreign grants) expenditures: $282 million, including capital expenditures of $80 million (2002 est.)
Capital	Grand Turk (Cockburn Town)	Male
Climate	tropical; marine; moderated by trade winds; sunny and relatively dry	tropical; hot, humid; dry, northeast monsoon (November to March); rainy, southwest monsoon (June to August)
Coastline	389 km	644 km
Constitution	introduced 30 August 1976; suspended in 1986; restored and revised 5 March 1988	adopted 1 January 1998
Country name	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Turks and Caicos Islands	conventional long form: Republic of Maldives conventional short form: Maldives local long form: Dhivehi Raajjeyge Jumhooriyyaa local short form: Dhivehi Raajje
Currency	US dollar (USD)	-
Death rate	4.34 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)	7.24 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Debt - external	$NA	$281 million (2003 est.)
Dependency status	overseas territory of the UK	-
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (overseas territory of the UK)	the US does not have an embassy in Maldives; the US Ambassador to Sri Lanka is accredited to Maldives and makes periodic visits there
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (overseas territory of the UK)	chief of mission: Ambassador Dr. Mohamed LATHEEF chancery: 800 2nd Avenue, Suite 400E, New York, NY 10017 telephone: [1] (212) 599-6195
Disputes - international	none	none
Economic aid - recipient	$4.1 million (1997)	NA (1995)
Economy - overview	The Turks and Caicos economy is based on tourism, fishing, and offshore financial services. Most capital goods and food for domestic consumption are imported. The US is the leading source of tourists, accounting for more than half of the 93,000 visitors in 1998. Major sources of government revenue include fees from offshore financial activities and customs receipts. Tourism fell by 6% in 2002 but appeared to be picking up at yearend.	Tourism, Maldives' largest industry, accounts for 20% of GDP and more than 60% of the Maldives' foreign exchange receipts. Over 90% of government tax revenue comes from import duties and tourism-related taxes. Fishing is a second leading sector. The Maldivian Government began an economic reform program in 1989 initially by lifting import quotas and opening some exports to the private sector. Subsequently, it has liberalized regulations to allow more foreign investment. Agriculture and manufacturing continue to play a lesser role in the economy, constrained by the limited availability of cultivable land and the shortage of domestic labor. Most staple foods must be imported. Industry, which consists mainly of garment production, boat building, and handicrafts, accounts for about 18% of GDP. Maldivian authorities worry about the impact of erosion and possible global warming on their low-lying country; 80% of the area is one meter or less above sea level. In late December 2004, a major tsunami left more than 100 dead, 12,000 displaced, and property damage exceeding $300 million.
Electricity - consumption	4.65 million kWh (2001)	115.7 million kWh (2002)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2001)	0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2001)	0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - production	5 million kWh (2001)	124.4 million kWh (2002)
Electricity - production by source	fossil fuel: 100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2001)	-
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: Blue Hills 49 m	lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location on Wilingili island in the Addu Atoll 2.4 m
Environment - current issues	limited natural fresh water resources, private cisterns collect rainwater	depletion of freshwater aquifers threatens water supplies; global warming and sea level rise; coral reef bleaching
Environment - international agreements	-	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups	black 90%, mixed, European, or north American 10%	South Indians, Sinhalese, Arabs
Exchange rates	the US dollar is used	rufiyaa per US dollar - 12.8 (2004), 12.8 (2003), 12.8 (2002), 12.24 (2001), 11.77 (2000)
Executive branch	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1953), represented by Governor Jim POSTON (since 16 December 2002) head of government: Chief Minister Derek H. TAYLOR (since 31 January 1995) cabinet: Executive Council consists of three ex officio members and five appointed by the governor from among the members of the Legislative Council elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party is appointed chief minister by the governor	chief of state: President Maumoon Abdul GAYOOM (since 11 November 1978); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: President Maumoon Abdul GAYOOM (since 11 November 1978); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government cabinet: Cabinet of Ministers appointed by the president elections: president nominated by the Majlis and then the nomination must be ratified by a national referendum (at least a 51% approval margin is required); president elected for a five-year term; election last held 17 October 2003 (next to be held NA 2008) election results: President Maumoon Abdul GAYOOM reelected in referendum held 17 October 2003; percent of popular vote - Maumoon Abdul GAYOOM 90.3%
Exports	NA (2001)	NA
Exports - commodities	lobster, dried and fresh conch, conch shells	fish, clothing
Exports - partners	US, UK	US 26.5%, Thailand 23.5%, Sri Lanka 12.3%, Japan 11.7%, UK 9.8%, Germany 4.9% (2004)
Fiscal year	calendar year	calendar year
Flag description	blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the colonial shield centered on the outer half of the flag; the shield is yellow and contains a conch shell, lobster, and cactus	red with a large green rectangle in the center bearing a vertical white crescent; the closed side of the crescent is on the hoist side of the flag
GDP	purchasing power parity - $231 million (2000 est.)	-
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%	agriculture: 20% industry: 18% services: 62% (2000 est.)
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $9,600 (2000 est.)	purchasing power parity - $3,900 (2002 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	4.9% (2000 est.)	2.3% (2002 est.)
Geographic coordinates	21 45 N, 71 35 W	3 15 N, 73 00 E
Geography - note	about 40 islands (eight inhabited)	1,190 coral islands grouped into 26 atolls (200 inhabited islands, plus 80 islands with tourist resorts); archipelago with strategic location astride and along major sea lanes in Indian Ocean
Highways	total: 121 km paved: 24 km unpaved: 97 km (2000)	total: NA km paved: NA km unpaved: NA km
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	lowest 10%: NA highest 10%: NA
Illicit drugs	transshipment point for South American narcotics destined for the US and Europe	-
Imports	NA (2001)	NA
Imports - commodities	food and beverages, tobacco, clothing, manufactures, construction materials	petroleum products, ships, foodstuffs, textiles, clothing, intermediate and capital goods
Imports - partners	US, UK	Singapore 24.9%, Sri Lanka 10.6%, UAE 10.3%, India 10.2%, Malaysia 7.6%, Bahrain 5.4% (2004)
Independence	none (overseas territory of the UK)	26 July 1965 (from UK)
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	4.4% (1996 est.)
Industries	tourism, offshore financial services	fish processing, tourism, shipping, boat building, coconut processing, garments, woven mats, rope, handicrafts, coral and sand mining
Infant mortality rate	total: 16.87 deaths/1,000 live births male: 19.48 deaths/1,000 live births female: 14.12 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)	total: 56.52 deaths/1,000 live births male: 55.63 deaths/1,000 live births female: 57.45 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	4% (1995)	1% (2002 est.)
International organization participation	Caricom (associate), CDB, Interpol (subbureau)	AsDB, C, CP, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ITU, NAM, OIC, OPCW, SAARC, SACEP, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	14 (2000)	-
Irrigated land	NA sq km	NA sq km
Judicial branch	Supreme Court	High Court
Labor force	4,848 (1990 est.)	88,000 (2000)
Labor force - by occupation	about 33% in government and 20% in agriculture and fishing; significant numbers in tourism, financial, and other services	agriculture 22%, industry 18%, services 60% (1995)
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 2.33% permanent crops: 0% other: 97.67% (1998 est.)	arable land: 13.33% permanent crops: 16.67% other: 70% (2001)
Languages	English (official)	Maldivian Dhivehi (dialect of Sinhala, script derived from Arabic), English spoken by most government officials
Legal system	based on laws of England and Wales, with a few adopted from Jamaica and The Bahamas	based on Islamic law with admixtures of English common law primarily in commercial matters; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch	unicameral Legislative Council (19 seats, of which 13 are popularly elected; members serve four-year terms) elections: last held 24 April 2003 (next to be held NA 2007) election results: percent of vote by party - PDM 53.8%, PNP 46.2%; seats by party - PDM 7, PNP 6; note - in by-elections held 7 August 2003, the PNP gained two seats for a majority of 8 seats; PDM now has 5	unicameral People's Council or Majlis (50 seats; 42 elected by popular vote, 8 appointed by the president; members serve five-year terms) elections: last held 22 January 2005 (next to be held NA 2010) election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 50
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 74 years male: 71.82 years female: 76.3 years (2003 est.)	total population: 64.06 years male: 62.76 years female: 65.42 years (2005 est.)
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over has ever attended school total population: 98% male: 99% female: 98% (1970 est.)	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 97.2% male: 97.1% female: 97.3% (2003 est.)
Location	Caribbean, two island groups in the North Atlantic Ocean, southeast of The Bahamas, north of Haiti	Southern Asia, group of atolls in the Indian Ocean, south-southwest of India
Map references	Central America and the Caribbean	Asia
Maritime claims	exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM	measured from claimed archipelagic straight baselines territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 24 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine	none (2002 est.)	total: 16 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 57,118 GRT/72,831 DWT by type: cargo 12, passenger/cargo 1, petroleum tanker 2, refrigerated cargo 1 registered in other countries: 1 (2005)
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of the UK	-
Military branches	-	National Security Service includes Security Branch (ground forces), Air Element, Coast Guard
Military expenditures - dollar figure	-	$41.1 million (2004)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	-	5.5% (2004)
National holiday	Constitution Day, 30 August (1976)	Independence Day, 26 July (1965)
Nationality	noun: none adjective: none	noun: Maldivian(s) adjective: Maldivian
Natural hazards	frequent hurricanes	low level of islands makes them very sensitive to sea level rise
Natural resources	spiny lobster, conch	fish
Net migration rate	12.25 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)	0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.)
People - note	destination and transit point for illegal Haitian immigrants bound for the Turks and Caicos Islands, Bahamas, and US	-
Political parties and leaders	People's Democratic Movement or PDM [Derek H. TAYLOR]; Progressive National Party or PNP [Washington MISICK]; United Democratic Party or UDP [Wendal SWANN]	although political parties are not banned, none exist
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA	none
Population	19,350 (July 2003 est.)	349,106 (July 2005 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	NA
Population growth rate	3.14% (2003 est.)	2.82% (2005 est.)
Ports and harbors	Grand Turk, Providenciales	Male
Radio broadcast stations	AM 3 (one inactive), FM 6, shortwave 0 (1998)	AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 1 (1998)
Railways	0 km	-
Religions	Baptist 40%, Methodist 16%, Anglican 18%, Church of God 12%, other 14% (1990)	Sunni Muslim
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.11 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.8 male(s)/female total population: 1.07 male(s)/female (2003 est.)	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1 male(s)/female total population: 1.05 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	21 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: fair cable and radiotelephone services domestic: NA international: 2 submarine cables; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)	general assessment: minimal domestic and international facilities domestic: interatoll communication through microwave links; all inhabited islands are connected with telephone and fax service international: country code - 960; satellite earth station - 3 Intelsat (Indian Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use	3,000 (1994)	28,700 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular	0 (1994)	41,900 (2002)
Television broadcast stations	0 (broadcasts from The Bahamas are received; cable television is established) (1997)	1 (1997)
Terrain	low, flat limestone; extensive marshes and mangrove swamps	flat, with white sandy beaches
Total fertility rate	3.15 children born/woman (2003 est.)	5.02 children born/woman (2005 est.)
Unemployment rate	10% (1997 est.)	NEGL% (2003 est.)
Waterways	none	-

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